Cool Tools, Insider stuff, PowerShell, Recent Activity, WED Blog, Windows 11

Bringing OhMyPosh to Flo6

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Flo6 is what I call my new production desktop. Today, I finally got around to installing and turning on the OhMyPosh shell prompt tool on said desktop. I’ve done this before, and it’s always interesting to see how things work now, as opposed to the way they did the last time I did this. Indeed I hit some changes: nothing insuperable, but enough to make me stop and think about what I was doing, and how best to do it. In bringing OhMyPosh to Flo6, I had to overcome bogus Copilot guidance, re-read my own 2024 OhMyPosh article, and visit the OhMyPosh website to grab my preferred theme.

After Bringing OhMyPosh to Flo6, A Snazzy Look

If you examine the lead-in graphic you can see what adding OhMyPosh to the mix does for PowerShell inside Windows Terminal. It definitely adds to the visual appeal of the command prompt, and lets you see more info right away.

Here’s brief summary of the steps involved (all the deets are covered in the afore-linked OhMyPosh article, which I will henceforth abbreviate as OMP):

1. Install a nerd font (necessary for OMP to show its colorful symbols and glyphs)
2. Change the default profile in WinTerm to invoke that nerd font
3. Change PowerShell startup to call OMP and its theme on startup
4. Reload the startup info ($Profile variable) to invoke the new setup

In theory, this is dead easy. In practice, it requires a fair amount of command line jiggery pokery. The whole operation took half an hour or so, mostly because I had to remember (and read about) those steps and their details. OMP also no longer downloads its themes when it’s installed, so I had to visit the themes page and download the one I wanted (it’s named JanDeDobbeleer.omp.json) and put it in the OMP default folder (C:\users\<acct>\ohmyposh) to match the configuration in the associated profile info.

Eminently doable, if a bit more time consuming than I remembered. But shoot: that’s just another normal day here in Windows-World!

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Insider stuff, Recent Activity, USB devices, WED Blog, Windows 11

WTC = What the Clunk?

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I bought my first hard disk back in the late 1980s. If memory serves it was a 300MB drive with 8″ platters. It cost about US$1,000. It attached via SCSI to a Macintosh SE desktop, with its 9″ CRT (512×342 resolution). Why tell you all this? Because that old drive was literally a clunker: as it started, or read data, or shut down it would emit a series of thunks and clunks you could hear in the next room. I just added a Seagate IronWolf 12TB NAS drive to my production desktop. This morning as I booted up I found myself saying WTC = What the Clunk? as it started up for the day.

Why I’m Saying WTC = What the Clunk?

I just looked up the innards of this new spinning disk. It’s got 8 platters, each with 2 heads and a total of 1.5GB of capacity. And  those heads and platters are sealed into a helium filled chamber to keep them as quiet as possible. Even so, spinning up apparently takes some mechanical oomph because I heard at least a trio of discernible clunks as the unit spun up this morning.

It had been so long since I’d heard those sounds, I’d forgotten what they sounded like. Now, I’m reminded of what I used to listen to all the time nearly 40 years ago: a steady series of thumps, clunks and thunks as big disks went about what — by today’s standards — can only be called “small business.” Fortunately, as the IronWolf goes about its much, much bigger business it only emits an occasional sound. If I use my imagination, I can hear it as a chuckle at the depth of my disk drive recollections.

I won’t even go back to the earlier days when I worked on Data General and DEC PDP minicomputers that used 14″ platters. Those came (and went) as removable disk packs. They made some industrial strength noise, for sure, in the days before Windows-World came along. But that’s a whole ‘nother story…

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Insider stuff, Remote Desktop (RDP), WED Blog, Windows 11

Remote Desktop Connection LSA Error

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Over the past couple of years, I’ve noticed that establishing an RDP session from my primary desktop to other PCs sometimes fails under specific circumstances. I’m researching a story about this for Mayank Pamar at WindowsLatest, so keep an eye out for that opus. It’ll probably hit next week. When I attempt to get into some of my Windows 11 PCs (the only kind of physical PC I have any more), my login will occasionally be refused if I use a Microsoft Account (MSA). Indeed I’ll see a Remote Desktop Connection LSA error that reads “The Local Security Authority cannot be contacted.”

What Causes Remote Desktop Connection LSA Error?

Interestingly, there are a number of possible causes. Some are easy to fix, others fall on third parties. Here’s a partial list:

  • OS can’t validate credentials, particularly MSA logins (the most common and obvious reason, but one users cannot easily fix themselves)
  • Secure channel negotiation (to exchange credentials) fails
  • Time sync or DNS resolution fails
  • Credential policies are somehow misconfigured

Time sync and DNS stuff is probably the most approachable, so they’re worth trying. For the former that means Settings > Time & Language > Date & time > Sync now (under Additional Settings). For the latter, it’s only meaningful if using manual DHCP assignment, in which case Setting > Network & Internet > Ethernet or Wi-Fi > Edit DNS Settings > define preferred and backup DNS server addresses. Most users will get their DNS server assignments via DHCP.

The other items are a bit more convoluted. I’ll get to them in my upcoming story. Here in this brief blog, I’ll “leave them as an exercise for the reader” in the classic ploy used to avoid heavy lifting in so many, many textbooks I’ve read over the years…

A Typical (and Useful) Workaround

If I can’t get into a PC using my MSA, I’ll set up a local account on the affected machine with admin privileges and use that to RDP into the machine instead. This might cause issues on machines where you want or need access to account-speicific files or data (e.g. the associated C:\users\<name> folder hierarchy). But otherwise it works OK. In a small and unscientific survey of my local fleet, I’ve had to do this on just under half the machines (4 out of 9), most of which are running Insider Preview releases (and thus, have their foibles).

Here in Windows-World, if you can’t do things the way you want to, you must sometimes do them some other way. Obtaining RDP access to some of my test and experimental PCs puts me in those shoes from time to time. So it goes!

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Device drivers, Insider stuff, Recent Activity, WED Blog, Windows 11

Wi-Fi Kernel Dump Error Is Neutrino-Like

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Here’s something interesting I’ve never seen before. The other day, I was trying to update the recently re-awaked ThinkStation P3 Ultra. Among the many items in the queue, through Lenovo Vantage, was an Intel Wireless LAN Driver. Indeed the same driver also showed up in the Intel Driver and Support Assistant. Despite repeated efforts through both facilities, the driver update always failed. This morning, I observed traces of those failures in Reliability Monitor. This Wi-Fi Kernel dump error is neutrino-like in that it registers in Relimon, but doesn’t diminish the Reliability Index (see the lead-in graphic).

More on Why a Wi-Fi Kernel dump error is neutrino-like

The error code in the Relimon details cite to the following string:LKD_0x41A1_Netwtw08!unknown_function. Online research tells me two useful things about this info:

1. It’s tied to Intel’s wireless driver (confirms what I’d suspected)

2. the LKD stands for Live Kernel Dump, indicating that Windows detected a hardware-related fault serious enough to provoke a snapshot of the error, but that it did NOT crash the system

The lack of a crash explains why Relimon imposes no charge on its Reliability Index even though the event is labeled “Critical” of type “Hardware error.” Shoot! I didn’t even know this was possible. Very interesting!

What About that Wi-Fi Driver?

A quick peek into Device Manager showed me that the Wi-Fi 6E AX211 160MHz driver was throwing a “device cannot start (Code 10)” error. Because both Lenovo Vantage and Intel DSA weren’t fixing things, I decided to go clean and start over. I right-clicked the device in DevMgr, then selected Uninstall from the pop-up menu. After a reboot, I visited the Lenovo Downloads & Software page, entered the Serial# for the P3 Ultra, and grabbed the latest Wi-Fi driver package. After installation, DevMgr obligingly reports that “The device is working properly.” Problem solved!

I figure when two update tools both choke on a driver, it’s time to remove the offending software, download, and try again. Here in Windows-World, even drastic measures need the added protection of “fingers crossed.” Thus, I’m glad that strategy worked.

 

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Insider stuff, Recent Activity, WED Blog, Windows 11

Generic Keys Speed Clean Install

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I just wrote a story for the AskWoody newletter. It’s entitled Why Starting Fresh with Windows 11 Beats an Upgrade. It’s premium content, though, and behind a paywall so you can only see it if you sign up for a subscription. I think that’s worthwhile. but you’ll have to decide for yourself. But in thinking through what’s involved in a clean install, a key early screen demands a valid key to continue (there are workarounds). In this context, I recall that generic or setup keys also work. See the lead-in graphic.

If You Have Them, Generic Keys Speed Clean Install

Generic product keys, aka, default setup keys — may be used during a clean install of Windows. Indeed, the same keys work with 10 and 11. These keys are generic because they won’t activate Windows. But if you’re clean installing on hardware that’s already been granted a digital activation, the Microsoft activation servers should recognize your machine after you get to the desktop, and take care of that automatically.

Here’s a list of generic keys, courtesy of Copilot:

Of course this is an image so a link is helpful to actually grab such 25-char strings. MS doesn’t maintain them in one place, but you can find them at ElevenForum.com through their tutorial “Generic Product Keys to Install or Upgrade Windows 11 Editions.”

Handy to have around, so good stuff indeed. Hats off yet again to the master of Windows mysteries, Shawn Brink (chief MVP and maven for the ElevenForum site). He’s a real treasure for those of us who live in Windows-World. Thanks again, Shawn!

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Cool Tools, Device drivers, Recent Activity, Troubleshooting, WED Blog, Windows 11

MS Mouse Driver Delirium Done

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I’m still finding my way into a more perfect configuration on my “new” production PC . It is actually built around nearly 5-year-old technology, recently updated and expanded into a new NZXT Flo 6 case. Yesterday, I noticed something minor but annoying that I’ve seen before: my wireless mouse cursor was lagging, which means the tracking followed behind my hand movements. I *HATE* that. I also know that when it happens, it’s mostly owing to transceiver interference or driver issues. Because I’ve placed the transceiver high above my desk, I keyed in on driver issues. And sure enough, activating the MS Mouse and Keyboard driver put paid to my MS Mouse driver delirium.

How I Cured My MS Mouse Driver Delirium

I’d already downloaded and installed the MS Mouse and Keyboard Center drivers on this PC. What I hadn’t done, based on what I first saw in Device Manager (see lead-in graphic) was to make sure that the Mouse and Keyboard Center’s mouse driver was actually in use. Indeed, when I checked, it was running the generic “HID-compliant device” driver in the first position in the driver list on display in the screencap. Go figure!

To my surprise, the system asked for a reboot after I updated the mouse driver. Copilot tells me it’s because

The HID-compliant driver is a low-level, class-based driver. [That means r]eplacing it with a vendor-specific driver…often involves swapping out kernel-mode components that are actively in use.

That totally makes sense. And after said restart, the mouse lag problems disappeared completely. Thank goodness things sometimes work the way they should. That’s enough of a novelty here in Windows-World to earn my genuine gratitude. Now I can work and play without waiting for the cursor to catch up with me. What a relief!

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Backup/Restore, Cool Tools, Insider stuff, WED Blog

Disappearing Box Downloads Cause Consternation

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OK, so I’m working for a client on a big project. Part of the effort is to read, review and report on a collection of around 200 PDF files. Total on-disk footprint for these files is pretty big (~0.5 GB) so it’s outside the boundaries of easy transfer via email. The client uses Box.com instead, and makes a set of folders available to me through shared access to them and their contents. Two days ago, I went to start working through some of those files, only to find them MIA on my local SSD. These disappearing Box downloads cause consternation, and forced me to download them again. What’s up?

When Disappearing Box Downloads Cause Consternation Then?

When I called my client to ask for info, she explained their retention policy is to delete all box items 30 days after posting. She was as surprised as I was that my local copies had disappeared, but not at all surprised about their shared online sources. It seems that ownership of shared files can sometimes cause them to disappear from local drives when their online “parent files” do likewise.

I can see in the Box admin console that the first set of downloads (dated September 9) did indeed go though. You can see I downloaded over 250 items on that day, as I grabbed the various folders whose contents I needed to read and act upon. I also reset Ownership on those files from read-only (as defined in the Box download apparently) and gave myself full rights to the whole folder hierarchy.

I’m hoping this will be enough to prevent their online timeout from affecting their local presence on my primary data drive (a nice, big 4TB Samsung 990 EVO Plus NVMe SSD). Just to be absolutely safe, I also saved copies of the ZIP files that Box produces on a UFD which I’ll keep disconnected from the Internet. Hopefully, that will provide a failsafe backup should the new set of files somehow disappear again when yesterday’s 30-day timer runs out on October 18.

Here in Windows-World, things can — and do — get strange sometimes. I hope I’ve done due diligence to keep those files around this time. We’ll see…

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Device drivers, Insider stuff, Recent Activity, Troubleshooting, USB devices, WED Blog, Windows 11

Safely Eject Gets Weird When Swapping Drives

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Go figure: I had to grab some or all of 7 different SATA drives to complete file transfers from the old production PC to the new. Mostly, this meant waiting for Teracopy (a bulk transfer utility I highly recommend). It aced the job of moving files from my old drives to the new 12TB Ironwolf. Along the way I learned something interesting — namely, that Safely Eject gets weird when swapping drives. At least it gets weird when using dual-drive caddies. Let me explain…

How Safely Eject Gets Weird When Swapping Drives

Safely Eject appears in the System Tray (aka Notification Area) of the taskbar as a teeny-tiny USB Flash Drive icon, as you can see in the lead-in graphic. Turns out it’s a quirk of the chipsets used to bridge multiple SATA drives through a single USB connection that coming back after an eject doesn’t always work.

Here’s what happened on my 5800X Flo6 production rig and the ThinkPad P16 Gen 1 Mobile Workstation. No drives in the caddy showed up after ejection, then disconnect/reconnect of the USB cable. As Copilot says “After eject, the bridge may not reinitialize that port properly.” A reboot typically fixes such problems, but that got vexing given that I had to work my way through 7 drives in all.

Suggested Mitigations

Courtesy of Copilot, I worked my way through a couple of possible mitigations. Turns out the ASMedia driver wasn’t in use, so it wasn’t a possible culprit, either.

The right technique involved a multi-step combination of commands and physical actions:

Step 1: Unmount the drive to be removed from the caddy using the mountvol <drive-letter> /p command (e.g. mountvol e: /p)

Step 2: Turn off the power on the caddy. For one caddy that meant using the power switch, for the other it meant unplugging the power input from its brick.

Step 3: Wait 5-10 seconds for the device to reset completely.

Step 4: Power the caddy back on, possibly with one or two new drives inserted, after removing one or two old ones. Wait for those drives to get initialized, then show up in File Explorer. Proceed.

This worked properly on both the P16 and the Flo6 PCs. Safely eject is fine for single-drive devices (of which I have more than a dozen). But I now know that using the mountvol command, plus cycling the power around drive swaps, is the right way to keep my dual-drive devices working as they should.

Here in Windows-World, the path to proper device function has its occasional twists and turns. For my dual-drive caddies, this particular turn is worth making…

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Copilot+ PCs, Insider stuff, Recent Activity, WED Blog, Windows 11

SFF Copilot+ PCs Remain Scarce

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Last year, I really got my hopes up when ARM announced a developer’s kit version of a small form-factor (SFF) PC with Snapdragon X. Alas, it never materialized. I’ve also read about plans from numerous vendors to offer mini but mighty PCs of this type, including Geekom and ASUS. But right now, SFF Copilot+ PCs remain scarce. In fact, I can find only two for sale presently: the Lenovo ThinkCentre Neo50q Tiny (Snapdragon) and the MSI Cubi NUC AI+ 2MG (Intel).

Why Do SFF Copilot+ PCs Remain Scarce?

I speculated about this when ARM announced, delayed and then canceled its own SFF SnapdragonX based model. Looking at the enclosures for the 2 aforementioned models, I’m still leaning that way. Mostly, in fact, it has to do with support for only 1 or 2 USB-C ports (typically 40Gbps/Thunderbolt 4/USB4).

Thus, there’s a nearly inescapable add-on expense when buying such a unit — namely, a TB4 or TB5 dock, most of which cost from US$350 to over $500. That’s a big bump in cost, cubic volume, and complexity for PCs designed to be affordable and, above all, compact.

I’m Interested, But Is the Market?

Because of the need for more ports, power, connections and displays, I have to believe the general marketplace finds current Copilot+ SFF PCs unappealing. It’s one thing to get useful capability in a compact and reasonably powerful package. It’s another thing entirely to have to turn around and spend from 44 to 63 percent of the purchase cost on a TB4/5 dock to get all the ports and connectivity modern office workers need.

If these OEMs build such SFFs, will buyers come? Initial excitement and plans said “Yes.” Subsequent actual product offerings, options, and limited choices say “Maybe” at best. Too bad: I like the category and what it brings to the desktop. I may be in a (small) minority, though…

Note Added 9/24: Oops! Wrong One..

As you can see in the lead-in graphic, I’d originally landed on the Lenovo ThinkCentre M75q as a Copilot+ SFF PC. Closer examination researching this topic yesterday showed me, it’s not. It lacks sufficient NPU oomph to qualify as such. But that’s when I discovered that indeed Lenovo DOES have an SFF Copilot+ PC — namely the ThinkCentre Neo 50 (Snapdragon) Tiny now mentioned at the head of this story. I guess I got my minis mixed somehow. Glad to fix it, though…

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Device drivers, Insider stuff, Recent Activity, USB devices, WED Blog

Jabra 75 Headset Driver Disappearance

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One of my favorite things about Windows made the scene in 1995, with the debut of Windows 95. It’s called Plug and Play (PnP) and it lets the OS detect and configure hardware devices automatically. It has made using Windows peripherals much, much easier than it was in the old days before PnP came along. This strongly contributed to a sense of shock and abandonment the other day, when a Jabra 75 headset driver disappearance delayed an attorney phone call for troubleshooting. Sigh: let me explain…

What Caused Jabra 75 Headset Driver Disappearance?

USB devices, particularly audio ones, involve a whole series of nested drivers. This runs the gamut from the audio device itself, to the USB hierarchy, to the Intel Smart Sound driver (which works between the device and the USB port to manage specific audio formats and functions). Some recent update to Windows 11 on my Lenovo ThinkPad P16 Mobile Workstation broke this complex chain somewhere in the middle.

How did I know? PnP quit working. Normally, I just plug the USB cable into a USB-A port on the P16, and audio switches over from its built-in speakers and microphone to the Jabra 75. I use it most especially for video calls, where clients need to see me as well as hear me (e.g. speaking engagements, webinars, depositions, and so on). When plugging-in resulted in “no play,” I knew I had a problem. Fortunately, it was easy to fix.

Plug and No Play Means Reinstall Driver

I visited the Jabra website, where I had to figure out what I needed was a new copy of the Jabra Direct software. With that downloaded and installed, and a fresh reboot to make sure everything registered properly, play immediately followed plug-in when I inserted the USB connector from the headset base to the P16. Problem solved!

But it took me a few precious moments to figure this all out, and then to fix it. In the meantime, I switched over to my production desktop where the driver was already installed and working properly (it’s the new build, so it got a new driver after the offening update, apparently). The client couldn’t see me (no camera on that rig) but we did complete the call. They hired me for an expert engagement, too, so I guess it didn’t go too badly.

Here in Windows-World, one must always be ready to adapt and overcome. So that’s what I did.

 

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